-edible zone-

   overhang cad render

Overhang: The distance past the spindle center-pin the stylus will be when the tonearm is rotated over the spindle.

Pivot to Spindle Distance: A straight line distance from the spindle axis to the tonearm's axis of horizontal rotation.

Horizontal Pivot: An axis of rotation allowing Horizontal swing of the tonearm.

Vertical Pivot: An axis of rotation allowing Vertical swing of the tonearm.

Null Points:

   2 pt. protractor by HFNRR

 

 Above flatbed image scan: This is the protractor that comes with the HFNRR test record. (#HFN001) I like both the test record and the protractor.   Not to scale, so don't try to print and use. There are many others to choose.

The null points as pictured in the top 3d illustration and on the above picture of the HFNRR protractor are two points of theoretical perfect tangency between the stylus and the record groove. The exact position of the null points are designed to give the tonearm/cartridge a calculated minimal tracking error when tracking outside and between these two points.

note: all cad 3d by site owner.