Setting up a turntable is not that complicated, but there are a few things you need to know before you get started. We are happy to share them with you. In this guide, you will learn more about the components of a turntable, different connection settings, and get answers to the most common questions.

If you still have questions, we are always here to help.

What is a phono preamplifier?

The turntable reproduces a PHONO output signal. In order for the turntable to work with audio equipment, including stereo systems, computers, and speakers, the PHONO signal must be converted to a LINE level signal (sometimes also called an AUX signal). A phono preamplifier is the device that does this.

A few things you should know about phono preamplifiers:

  • Some (in fact, almost all modern) turntables already have a built-in phono preamplifier.
  • Some older amplifiers and stereo systems may also have built-in phono preamplifiers (you can identify them by the input labeled PHONO).
  • A DJ mixer can be used as a phono preamplifier.
  • If you see a USB output on your turntable, it definitely has a built-in phono preamplifier.
  • If you want to connect an external phono preamplifier, you will need a set of cables (usually RCA) to connect to your audio system.
  • When it comes to sound quality or creation, preamplifiers vary greatly. The most affordable option can cost $100, while some of the most expensive ones can cost $10,000.

Connecting the player to the amplifier

WHAT YOU WILL NEED

  • Turntable;
  • Cartridge;
  • Phono preamplifier (built-in or external);
  • Amplifier / Stereo system.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

This is the most common connection option. Connecting a turntable to your stereo system is easy; you just need to decide whether you need a phono preamplifier.

Connecting a turntable to active speakers

WHAT YOU WILL NEED

  • Turntable;
  • Cartridge;
  • Phono preamplifier (built-in or external);
  • Active speakers.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

  • This is the best connection option.
  • The turntable is connected directly to the speakers.
  • Active speakers have a built-in amplifier, so they do not require an external amplifier or stereo system. By the way, one sign that speakers are active is that they always have a power cord.

Connecting the player to a computer

WHAT YOU WILL NEED

  • Player.
  • Cartridge.
  • Phono preamplifier (built-in or external).
  • Computer.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

  • If your turntable has a USB output, great, connect it directly to your computer.
  • If there is no USB output, you will need an adapter with a suitable input for your computer (usually a standard 3.5mm headphone jack).
  • Once everything is connected correctly, go to your computer settings and select the correct audio input and output.

Connecting to a classic stereo system

WHAT YOU WILL NEED

  • Turntable.
  • Cartridge.
  • Amplifier / Stereo system with phono input.
  • Speakers / Headphones.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

  • Some stereo systems already have a built-in phono preamplifier and accept PHONO signals.
  • Connect your turntable to the input marked PHONO.

Turntables – Belt Drive VS Direct Drive

Audio-Technica AT-LP3 is one of our bestsellers in the belt drive turntable category

  • In belt drive turntables (also called pulley drive), a separate motor drives the platter via a belt.
  • In direct drive turntables, this platter is an integral part of the motor.
  • Belt drive turntables are not suitable for DJing, while direct drive turntables are.
  • It is generally believed that belt-driven turntables have better sound quality because they produce less external noise and vibration.
  • Direct-drive turntables also have their advantages—they usually have a more robust construction, better rotation speed, and are more responsive when starting and stopping.

Turntables – Grounding

Turntable grounding diagram

  • Turntables that do not have a built-in phono preamplifier need to be grounded.
  • Such turntables come with a cable that must be plugged into the phono preamplifier (whether it is an external preamplifier, mixer, or amplifier).
  • If the turntable is not grounded, you will hear a characteristic buzzing sound.

Cartridges – Quick Overview

Ortofon 2M, the cartridge we recommend for everyday listening.

  • In most cases, when you buy a vinyl turntable, it comes with a cartridge. But it is always better to check this before buying.
  • If you are buying your first turntable, we recommend not experimenting, but paying attention to the time-tested classic – the Ortofon 2M Red cartridge.

If you want to upgrade your turntable and buy a new cartridge, you need to decide whether you need a cartridge with a headshell (or head) or a cartridge that is mounted directly on the tonearm (such as the Ortofon Concorde series).

  • The following rule applies to cartridges: the more expensive it is, the higher the sound quality, output power, frequency range, and tracking (how the needle moves along the groove of the record).
  • There are specialized DJ cartridges, but such cartridges are also great for listening to records. But, of course, it is better not to use this scheme in reverse.
  • There are two types of cartridges—MM and MC—which differ in design.
  • MM (Moving Magnet) is the most common type. It is cheaper, easier to maintain, and produces quite good sound quality. MC (Moving Coil) is a more expensive cartridge that produces a more detailed and higher quality sound, and for which you will have to pay more; they usually come bundled with premium models.
  • Once you have decided on a cartridge, don’t forget to adjust the alignment and weight correctly. We can recommend a popular tool for adjusting the alignment – Audiquest’s Geo-Disc, and Shure’s SFG-2 Stylus Force Gauge will help you adjust the weight.

Carpets/mats for turntables

It would seem that such a simple and inconspicuous thing as a carpet (or mat) can significantly affect the sound quality and performance of a turntable. Mats serve several functions: protecting vinyl from damage, improving sound quality, and reducing friction when DJing. Felt mats are the most versatile and are suitable for both home use and DJing. They prevent the record from slipping when spinning. Felt mats also improve sound quality by dampening vibrations between the record and the turntable platter.

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